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Welsh language education bill clears first hurdle

14 Jan 2025 4 minute read
Finance and Welsh language secretary Mark Drakeford

Chris Haines, ICNN Senedd reporter

A shake-up of Welsh language education cleared the first hurdle in the Senedd despite concerns about staff shortages, teachers’ workloads and the cost to schools.

Senedd members unanimously agreed the general principles of the Welsh language bill, which was part of the now-collapsed cooperation deal between ministers and Plaid Cymru.

Mark Drakeford told the Senedd the reforms aim to improve how Welsh is taught, ensuring all pupils become confident Welsh speakers by the end of compulsory school age.

The finance and Welsh language secretary said: “The majority of children in Wales receive their education through the medium of English.

“It has been mandatory for them to learn Welsh for decades now. But we know that we haven’t succeeded in providing the same quality of experiences to them.”

‘£100m’

The bill, which would cost an estimated £103.2m in the years to 2034/35, would set a 10% minimum level for the amount of Welsh provision in primarily English-language schools.

It would also:

put targets including a million Welsh speakers by 2050 on a legal footing;
embed a standard way to describe language ability based on the CEFR;
establish new categories of school;
create a chain of accountability with duties on schools, councils and ministers; and
set up a National Welsh Language Learning Institute.

Leading a debate on January 14, Prof Drakeford said: “If the bill is to succeed then we must ensure there is capacity within the education system to implement it.”

He pointed to the education secretary’s announcement of a strategic workforce plan, which will include the teaching of Welsh and teaching through the medium of Welsh.

Prof Drakeford committed to bringing forward amendments to address workforce concerns as the bill moves through the Senedd’s four-stage scrutiny process.

‘Biggest barrier’

Buffy Williams, chair of the education committee, said: “It is rare for a government target … to capture a wider imagination but a million Welsh speakers by 2050 has.

“Yet, the last census result shows a decrease in the number of people saying they’re Welsh speakers. It is clear action is needed to put this decline into reverse.

“The bill, we believe, is an important mechanism to support delivery of this target.”

Ms Williams warned the biggest barrier is having a workforce with the right skills, saying: “This is not going to be easy. We know there are currently shortages across Wales.”

She called for clarity on proposed new categories of school: primarily Welsh; dual language; and primarily English, partly Welsh: and the targets for each.

‘Already stretched’

Sam Kurtz, the Tories’ shadow Welsh language secretary, welcomed the ambition to increase the number of Welsh speakers.

But he said: “Key challenges remain, particularly in terms of workforce capacity,” warning of the financial implications for “already stretched” schools and councils.

Mr Kurtz argued the workforce plan should have been developed alongside the bill, pointing out that there was no mention of Welsh in the education secretary’s statement.

Plaid Cymru’s Cefin Campbell said the Welsh Government has lowered the bill’s ambitions since his party ended the cooperation deal, with ministers “rowing back” some elements.

Mr Campbell, a former lecturer who is Plaid Cymru’s shadow education secretary, said targets to expand Welsh-medium education have been missed for more than 20 years.

‘Hugely fragile’

Alun Davies, who initially introduced the target of a million Welsh speakers by 2050, backed the bill but cautioned against overly complicated school categories.

He said: “To be entirely honest with you, and I didn’t want to say this at the time, but when I was minister with responsibility for the Welsh language, and now, I’m still not sure I understand all of the school categories that we have.”

Warning minority languages are “hugely fragile” around the world, Lee Waters, another Labour backbencher, described the bill as a uniquely ambitious and important step.

He said pupils in primarily English-medium schools are currently “shortchanged”, with a low chance of them leaving school being able to hold a meaningful conversation in Welsh.

Mr Waters suggested this breeds resentment and bitterness among pupils subjected to such a poor experience, “so, it’s essential we focus on the quality of English-medium provision”.


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Ash
Ash
23 days ago

Almost 20 years in charge over which we’ve seen education standards drop and numbers of Welsh speakers drop. Welsh Labour are useless. I have zero faith that they can turn it around, it’s time for a change.

Garycymru
Garycymru
23 days ago

Fantastic news, but why on earth do the Tories have a Welsh language minister? Their policy is to wipe it out.

Pen-Y-Bont boy
Pen-Y-Bont boy
22 days ago
Reply to  Garycymru

It or totally wrong to force the language on students, welsh lessons should be optional then those who really want to learn it can and those who are not interested won’t be wasting their and teachers time.

Valley G
Valley G
21 days ago
Reply to  Pen-Y-Bont boy

It’s a shame that English has been thrown on us and don’t hear enough of people complaining about that because the Welsh history has been erased over the centuries by Westminster. It’s time to correct all this wrong doing.

robin campbell
robin campbell
22 days ago

Seems to be very little substance here. Buffy Williams’s statements mean that they don’t expect the plans to succeed. Schools will carry on as usual because of lack of resources and will. Surely the best way to increase the number of Welsh speakers is to gradually make most of our schools Welsh medium. How have the Basques turned it around? Children absorb languages with no problem at a young age.

Valley G
Valley G
21 days ago
Reply to  robin campbell

This is why we need to make Welsh medium compulsory from 3 upwards.

Ben Davies
Ben Davies
22 days ago

All talk, no action. We’ve been here before. Obvious intejecrtions and statements by parties. Plaid say it’s not enough. Tories welcome it “but”. An insidious but clear “we don’t support the Welsh language but we can’t be seen to be so overtly”. The truth of it is that there is very little will in the English medium sector to improve Welsh language outcomes. To many of senior leaders, it is an irrelevance. They are a major obstacle. Their entrenched attitudes will not be overcome within my lifetime. It is a fight. A fight for cultural, not just linguistic survival. But… Read more »

William Robson
William Robson
21 days ago

If people want to lean Welsh let them carry on but don’t take the current education budget. Seek extra funding

Valley G
Valley G
21 days ago
Reply to  William Robson

Why would it cost extra funding?

WelshCC
WelshCC
21 days ago

Focusing on getting people to claim they are Welsh speakers on the census as an end goal is pointless (look at Ireland lol. I learned Irish and lived there and I can tell you that their census results are hilariously ‘aspirational’, very few of the ‘yes’ tickers can speak Irish at all besides a basic few words). Sociolinguistic research on language maintenance and revival shows that schools cannot revive languages, but they can support dedicated and genuine revival efforts in the surrounding community if a critical mass of Welsh speaking parents are trying to raise children through Welsh (though the… Read more »

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